Issue |
ESAIM: PS
Volume 13, January 2009
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 38 - 50 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ps:2007048 | |
Published online | 21 February 2009 |
Number of hidden states and memory: a joint order estimation problem for Markov chains with Markov regime
1
Laboratoire MAP5, UMR CNRS 8145,
Université René Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères,
75270 Paris Cedex 06, France; Antoine.Chambaz@univ-paris5.fr
2
Laboratoire Statistique et Génome, UMR
CNRS 8071, Tour Évry 2, 523 pl. des Terrasses de l'Agora, 91000 Évry, France; matias@genopole.cnrs.fr
Received:
17
October
2006
Revised:
6
July
2007
This paper deals with order identification for Markov chains with Markov regime (MCMR) in the context of finite alphabets. We define the joint order of a MCMR process in terms of the number k of states of the hidden Markov chain and the memory m of the conditional Markov chain. We study the properties of penalized maximum likelihood estimators for the unknown order (k, m) of an observed MCMR process, relying on information theoretic arguments. The novelty of our work relies in the joint estimation of two structural parameters. Furthermore, the different models in competition are not nested. In an asymptotic framework, we prove that a penalized maximum likelihood estimator is strongly consistent without prior bounds on k and m. We complement our theoretical work with a simulation study of its behaviour. We also study numerically the behaviour of the BIC criterion. A theoretical proof of its consistency seems to us presently out of reach for MCMR, as such a result does not yet exist in the simpler case where m = 0 (that is for hidden Markov models).
Mathematics Subject Classification: 62B10 / 62B15 / 62M07
Key words: Markov regime / order estimation / hidden states / conditional memory / hidden Markov model
© EDP Sciences, SMAI, 2009
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